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Citation Guide


Welcome!

There are 3 CSE citation systems:

  1. Citation-sequence
  2. Name-year
  3. Citation-name

In Biology 3990, we will be using the name-year system, which is the Biology Department's preferred method of citing sources.

*If you are using an outside source, please be sure that you are referencing the name-year system and that the source uses the guidelines presented in the 8th edition of the Scientific Style and Format guide.

Printable Version of CSE Examples

Online Resources

In the Library

Periodical Abbreviations

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Books

*Only the first letters of book, book chapter, and journal article titles are capitalized, except for proper nouns.

*No indentation of end references is required; however, hanging indentation may be used for easier readability, if desired.

Print

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s)/Editor(s) [each name separated by a comma]. Year of Publication. Title of book. Edition (if applicable). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Example:

Hine R, Martin EA, editors. 2004. Dictionary of biology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

In-Text Citation:

(Hine and Martin 2004)    

*If there are 2 authors, names are separated by a comma in the end reference but by "and" in the in-text citation

Book Chapter (written by the same author(s) as the book):

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s) of Book. Year of Publication. Title of book. Edition (if applicable). Place of Publication: Publisher. Chapter #, Chapter title; p. page numbers of chapter.

Example:

Gwande A. 2010. The checklist manifesto: how to get things right. New York (NY): Metropolitan Books. Chapter 3, The end of the master builder; p. 48-71.

In-text Citation:

(Gawande 2010)

Book Chapter (written by someone other than the author(s)/editor(s) of the book):

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s) of the Chapter. Year of Publication. Title of chapter. In: Last Name and Initials of Author(s) of Book. Book title. Edition (if applicable). Place of Publication: Publisher. p. page numbers of chapter.

Example:

Minke IM. 2011. Vocalization patterns of killer whales. In: Williams P, Rogers P, editors. Behaviour and bioacoustics of endangered whales. 3rd ed. San Diego: University of California Press. p. 268-294.

In-text Citation:

(Minke 2011)

E-book:

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s). Year of Publication. Title of book.  Edition (if applicable). Place of Publication: Publisher; [date accessed]. URL of e-book.

Example:

Birnbaum G. 2009. Multiple sclerosis: a clinician's guide to diagnosis and treatment. New York: Oxford University Press; [accessed 2012 Feb 14]. http://ehis.ebscohost.com.libproxy.presby.edu.

In-text Citation:

(Birnbaum 2009)

 

Journal Articles

*List authors in the order in which they appear on the original article.

*Journal titles are abbreviated according to the International Organization for Standardization standards.  These abbreviations can be found in the NLM Catalog at the NCBI website.

*For articles with 3-10 authors, list all authors in the end reference; in the in-text citation, list only the first followed by "et al."

*For articles with more than 10 authors, list the first 10 in the end reference, followed by "et al."

Print

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s). Year of Publication. Article title. Journal title [abbreviated according to ISO standards]. Volume Number (Issue Number):Page Numbers.

Example:

Besho F, Kobayashi N. 1993. A historical sketch of pediatric hematology and oncology in Japan. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 10(2):5-8.

In-text Citation:

(Besho and Kobayashi 1993)

Online

Format:

Last Name and Initial(s) of Author(s). Year of Publication. Title of article. Journal title [abbreviated according to ISO standards]. [date accessed]; volume(issue):Page Numbers {if page numbers are not available, enter the number of pages or paragraphs in brackets.  Example: [13 pages]}. URL of article. DOI.

*The DOI may be included in addition to the URL, if available, but is not required.

Example:

Tyack PL, Park KS, Kim YS, Choi BK, Matheison CM. 2008. Implications for marine mammals of large-scale changes in the marine acoustic environment. J Mammal. [accessed 2012 Dec 3]; 89(3):549-558. http://libproxy.presby.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=32513975&site=ehost-live. doi: 32513975.

In-text Citation:

(Tyack et al. 2008)

Websites

Format:

Title of Website. Year of Publication. Place of Publication: Publisher or Site Sponsor; [date accessed]. URL of website.

Example:

International Society for Dendritic Cell & Vaccine Science. 2012. New York: Rockefeller University; [accessed 2013 Feb 10]. http://www.dc-vaccine.org.

In-Text Citation:

(International Society for Dendritic...2012)

*For the in-text citation, include only the first word or two of the title (enough to distinguish it from other titles in the reference list), followed by an ellipsis.